Fabric Softener Formulation

Fabric softeners are chemicals that impart a pleasant feel to fabrics. These chemicals are commonly known as cationic surfactants. These softeners are formulated using one of three chemical classes: dialkyldimethyl ammonium compounds, imidazolinium compounds, or diamido alkoxylated ammonium compound. In the 1990s, ester quats and diamido alkoxylated ammonium compounds replaced the other two softener types. In addition, these chemicals are more biodegradable.

Fabric softener formulations can include an optional thickening agent to increase the viscosity of the composition. Thickeners of natural origin such as gelatins, starches, and carrageenans may be used. Moreover, textile softener formulations can contain emulsion stabilizers, colorants, fragrances, and preservatives. Generally, the viscosity of textile softeners is not more than 0.5 mL per gram of fabric.

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is another new class of softener ingredients. This silicone-based fluid lubricates fibers and improves their tensile strength and softness. Among other silicones, amide and amine-functional silicones are commonly used in softeners. Silicones provide softness and washability. They also impart good sewability, elastic resilience, and crease recovery.

The present invention provides a textile softener formulation in the form of a stable aqueous dispersion that includes fatty acid salt compounds, water, and optional adjuvants. The liquid softening composition has a pH range of approximately 6.5-6.5, is highly cationic, and imparts a pleasant feel to fabrics. Further, it can extend the fragrance-releasing properties of fabrics for up to seven days.

Among the various types of softeners available in the market, cationic softeners provide the best soft handle and are widely used in industrial and household articles. They are also compatible with most fibre types. However, the disadvantage of cationic softeners is their tendency to yellowish in comparison to nonionic softeners. Therefore, they are mainly used in textiles made of coloured substrates. Therefore, it is imperative to choose a softener formulation that provides these benefits.

A cationic polymer is often added to the soap-based fabric softener formulation. These compounds improve the dispersibility and stability of the active soap softening agent. Moreover, their polyelectrolytic nature reduces the quality of solvation. The polymer also interacts with anionically charged soap molecules to stabilize the liquid composition. It can also be used in combination with cationic softeners.